Business Data Communication and Networking

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Dedicated-Circuit Networks

A Dedicated-Circuit Network is a type of communication network in which a fixed, private communication path is established between two or more locations.

  • These networks are commonly used for high-speed and reliable communication between corporate offices, data centers, or other critical locations.

1.) Point-to-Point Circuit:

A point-to-point circuit fixed connection that directly links two locations without sharing the bandwidth with others.

  • This circuit is private and used exclusively for communication between these two endpoints.
  • Example: Connecting two office buildings for secure and fast communication.

2.) Multipoint Circuit:

A multipoint circuit is a shared communication line used by three or more locations.

  • All locations share the same bandwidth, and communication may occur between multiple endpoints.
  • It is cost-effective since the circuit is shared among multiple users.

3.) Switching:

Switching refers to the method of establishing a communication path between devices in a network.

  • In dedicated-circuit networks, switching typically ensures a constant and unchanging communication path.

4.) Connection Methods:

Dedicated circuits can be established using technologies like fiber optics, coaxial cables, or microwave links.

The T-Carrier system is a digital transmission system used to provide dedicated communication channels.

T1 Line:

  • Provides 1.544 Mbps bandwidth.
  • Often used by small businesses for inter-office connectivity.

T3 Line:

  • Provides 44.736 Mbps bandwidth.
  • Suitable for large enterprises requiring high-speed data transfer.

SONET is a high-speed, fiber-optic transmission standard used for dedicated-circuit networks

Standardized Multiplexing:

  • SONET allows multiple digital signals to be transmitted simultaneously over the same optical fiber.

High Bandwidth:

  • Supports data rates from 51.84 Mbps (OC-1) to 39.8 Gbps (OC-768).

Reliable and Fault-Tolerant:

  • SONET networks use a ring topology for redundancy. If one path fails, the data reroutes automatically.

Applications:

  • Ideal for large-scale, high-speed connectivity, such as connecting data centers or metropolitan networks.
  • Reliability: Always available with guaranteed performance.
  • Security: Private connection, minimizing unauthorized access risks.
  • Consistency: Fixed bandwidth ensures predictable data transfer rates.

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