Hash-Based MAC (HMAC) is a keyed-hash message authentication code that combines a cryptographic hash function with a secret key to provide message integrity and authentication.
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- The sender combines the message with a secret key.
- The combined data is hashed using a cryptographic hash function (e.g., SHA-256).
- The resulting hash is sent along with the message.
- The receiver repeats the process with the same key and verifies the hash.
Advantages of HMAC:
- Resistant to collision attacks.
- Works with SHA and MD5 algorithms.
- Provides both integrity and authenticity.
- Used in TLS, IPSec, and API authentication.