Methods of Analyzing Qualitative Data are:
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- Narrative Analysis
- Discourse Analysis
- Grounded Theory Analysis
1. Content Analysis
It is a research technique for the systematic, objective and quantitative descriptions of the content of data collection through interviews, questionaries, schedules and other expression in written or verbal form.
- It is used to analyze the data obtained from case study, details from field and open-ended questions.
Features of Content Analysis
- Systematic
- Objectivity
- Generalizability
Guidelines for Content Analysis
- Clear operational definition of the units of analysis
- Clear definition for the response category
- Analysis of material
- Decision on developing categories
- Maintaning impartiality
- The validity of the content analysis should be assessed
Limitations of Content Analysis
- Non-reliable result
- Difficult to categorize data
- Difficult to get clear and appropriate information
- Costly
- Difficult to generalize
Steps for conducting Content Analysis
- Identify the essential data
- Develop bases for tabulation
- Develop bases for content analysis
- Develop the layout for the construction of design
- Classify various variables into various groups
- Establish procedures for the use of materials
- Prepare outline of analysis and utilizing them.
2. Narrative Analysis
A technique of recording and analyzing the information and subject based on the story of the respondents or people related to an event or subject matter is known as narrative analysis.
- There is no predetermined question and respondents are not asked to give the answer of the questions.
- It is widely used in the social science research.
Elements of Narrative Analysis
- Understanding Level
- Data Collection
- Analysis
- People`s understanding over events
- Key actors and events
Steps for Narrative Analysis
- Obtained Data
- Focusing on analysis of data obtained from autobiography, interview, focus group discussion etc.
3. Discourse Analysis
Following steps are to be followed for discourse analysis
- Define your primary research questions
- Choose your analytical approach
- Collect data
- Define the context
- Code your data
- Look for patterns
- Analyze the language used
- Interpret your findings
- Summarize your findings
4. Grounded Theory Analysis
Grounded theory analysis is a method aimed at developing new theories directly from qualitative data rather than testing existing ones.
- It involves a systematic process of coding data, comparing incidents, and grouping them into categories, which are then used to build a conceptual framework or theory.
After collection of data, grounded theory analysis can be made following the under mentioned steps:
- Providing codes
- Concepts
- Categories
- Theory