Cloud Computing is a technology model that enables on-demand access to a shared pool of computing resources—such as servers, storage, applications, and services—over the internet, without the need for direct management by the user.
- It allows individuals and organizations to use computing power and storage space hosted by third-party providers instead of maintaining their own physical infrastructure.
- The concept is built on virtualization, distributed computing, and high-speed internet connectivity, making it possible to scale resources up or down based on demand.
In today’s business and technology environment, cloud computing has become essential because it reduces costs, improves flexibility, and enables global accessibility to applications and data. For example, platforms like Google Drive, Microsoft Azure, and Amazon Web Services allow users to store files, run applications, and analyze large datasets from anywhere with internet access.
2. The Basics of Cloud Computing
The basics of cloud computing include its core characteristics, service models, deployment models, and benefits.
a. Core Characteristics
Cloud computing is defined by several key characteristics:
- On-Demand Self-Service – Users can provision computing resources automatically without requiring human interaction with service providers.
- Broad Network Access – Resources are available over the internet and can be accessed from various devices like laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
- Resource Pooling – Multiple users share a pool of computing resources, with physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned according to demand.
- Rapid Elasticity – Resources can be quickly scaled up or down based on workload requirements.
- Measured Service – Resource usage is monitored and billed based on consumption.
b. Cloud Service Models
- Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) – Provides virtualized computing resources such as servers, storage, and networking. Example: Amazon EC2.
- Platform as a Service (PaaS) – Offers a platform for developing, running, and managing applications without dealing with infrastructure. Example: Google App Engine.
- Software as a Service (SaaS) – Delivers software applications over the internet on a subscription basis. Example: Gmail, Microsoft 365.
c. Cloud Deployment Models
- Public Cloud – Services offered over the internet to multiple users, managed by third-party providers.
- Private Cloud – Services operated solely for a single organization, either on-premises or by a third party.
- Hybrid Cloud – A combination of public and private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them.
- Community Cloud – Shared by multiple organizations with common goals or requirements.
d. Benefits of Cloud Computing
- Cost savings by reducing the need for physical infrastructure.
- High scalability and flexibility.
- Accessibility from anywhere at any time.
- Enhanced disaster recovery and data backup capabilities.
- Support for collaboration and remote work.
