Arithmetic Microoperations

Arithmetic microoperation is such type of microoperation which performs arithmetic operation on numeric data stored in the registers.

The basic arithmetic microoperations are:

Adding:

• In addition micro-operation, the value in register R1 is added to the value in the register R2 and then the sum is transferred into register R3. 

Subtraction:

• In subtraction micro-operation, the contents of register R2 are subtracted from contents of the register R1, and then the result is transferred into R3. 

• There is another way of doing the subtraction. In this, 2’s complement of R2 is added to R1, which is equivalent to R1 – R2, and then the result is transferred into register R3.

Increment:

• In Increment micro-operation, the value inside the R1 register is increased by 1

Decrement:

• In Decrement micro-operation, the value inside the R1 register is decreased by 1. 

Table of Arithmetic microoperation:

Binary Adder:

A binary adder is a digital circuit that performs addition of binary numbers.

• A full adder has three inputs (A, B, and a carry-in from the previous bit) and two outputs (sum and carry-out). It consists of two half adders and an OR gate. The carry-out from the first half adder is fed into the second half adder along with the carry-in.

A  |  B  |  Cin  |  Sum (S)  |  Cout
---------------------------------------
  0  |  0  |   0   |     0     |   0
  0  |  0  |   1   |     1     |   0
  0  |  1  |   0   |     1     |   0
  0  |  1  |   1   |     0     |   1
  1  |  0  |   0   |     1     |   0
  1  |  0  |   1   |     0     |   1
  1  |  1  |   0   |     0     |   1
  1  |  1  |   1   |     1     |   1

4- bit binary Adder:

Binary Adder- Subtractor:

A binary adder-subtractor is a digital circuit that can perform addition and subtraction operations on binary numbers.

• It is typically implemented using logic gates such as AND, OR, XOR, and NOT gates. Here’s a brief overview of how it works:

4- bit Adder-Subtractor:

Binary Incrementer:

A binary incrementer is a function or algorithm that takes a binary number as input and increments it by 1.

• In binary arithmetic, incrementing by 1 involves carrying over from one bit to another when necessary, similar to how you would increment a decimal number.

Arithmetic circuit:

An arithmetic circuit is a digital circuit that performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, Increment, decrement, shift on binary numbers.

• These circuits are fundamental components in digital systems ranging from simple calculators to complex microprocessors.

4- bit Arithmetic Circuit:

Truth Table of above Circuit: